Authentication

Single-Factor Authentication

Single-factor authentication is an authentication method based on only one category of proof, most often a password or PIN.

Acronym
SFA
Synonym
SFA

Definition

Single-factor authentication is an authentication method based on only one factor, most commonly a password or PIN. While simple to deploy and user-friendly in the short term, SFA generally provides limited resistance to phishing, credential stuffing, brute force, replay, and social engineering attacks. It may still be acceptable for low-risk use cases, but it is increasingly insufficient for enterprise IAM, privileged access, remote access, and regulated environments.

Why it matters

Single-factor authentication is still widespread, but it is often misaligned with modern enterprise threat models.

The Ariovis perspective

Authentication strength should match the risk of the journey rather than impose the same friction everywhere. Ariovis looks for a balance between security, maintainability and user experience.

Common pitfalls

  • Many organizations overestimate the protection provided by password complexity and underestimate the structural weakness of relying on one factor only.

Standards and protocols

Reference standards
  • NIST SP 800-63B

These concepts matter most inside a real project.

The first conversation helps establish your context, the systems involved and the next useful decision.